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METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON RAILS, &c No. 470,466. Patented Malp- 8, 1892 J1 l1 [1 8 AQ A m s k A Q Y Q w w I N l "W? w% A *s 4 o Wfimessfisi L I'" Iwwemtov: b,, w. 92 L Tnussdufi 3161mm (No Model.) 11 Sheets--Sheet 2.

A T. BIGHBROUX. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON-RAILS, ,&c.

No. 470,466. Patented Mar. 8, 1892.

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T. BIGHEROUX. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FORTHB MANUFACTURE OF IRON RAILS, &o.

No. 470,466. Pateqted Mar. 8, 1892.

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TOUSSAINT BIOHEROUX, OF DUSSELDORF, GERMANY.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON RAILS, dc.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 470,466, dated March 8, 1892.

Application filed September '7, 1891. $erial No. 404,990. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, TOUSSAINT BIOHEROUX, a subject of the King of Belgium,,residing at Dusseldorf -on-theRhine, Prussia, German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Rails, Girders, and Rolled Bars of Various Sections and Similar Objects, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to an improved method of and apparatus for manufacturing rolled-iron rails, joists, beams, bars, and the like of various cross-sections; and it has for its object to simplify the rolling-plant and to permit the bases, flanges, or other parts of the rolled irons to be enlarged beyond the limits to which they are confined by the present methods.

My invention consists, essentially, in preparing a blank (pile or ingot) of approximately rectangular cross-section, forming into said blank a longitudinal groove corresponding in depth to the desired width of flanges or base, rolling said grooved blank to approximately the required cross-section with the flanges pressed together, then opening and spreading the flanges to the required degree, and finally finishing the iron, all of which is more fully pointed out in the following specification and claims, the apparatus being illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a sectional front elevation of a train of rolls for rolling the pile and I for grooving the same. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the trains for shaping the blank and for finishing the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation of the spreading apparatus. Fig. 4: is a sectional plan. Fig. 5 is a section in the plane y y, Fig. Fig. 6 is a sectional end elevation of amodified form of spreading apparatus. Figs. 7 to 15 show cross-sections of several forms of irons in the successive stages of their manufacture. Fig. 16 is a sectional elevation of a spreading apparatus adapted for the construction of the irons shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 17 is a sectional front elevation of an apparatus for bending the flanges of the rails shown in Fig. 8. Figs. 18 and 19 are end elevations showing the trains forrolling the bars shown in Figs. 9 and 10. Fig. 20 is a sectional plan of the apparatus for spreading the flanges of the bar shown in Figs. 9 and 10. Fig. 21 is an end view time sponding parts throughout the several views.

In carrying out my invention-for instance, in the manufacture of railroad-rai1s-the pile or ingot is reduced to the required rectangular cross-section by passes 1 to 12 of rolls A, B, C,D,E, and F, Fig. 1, all as usual. Alongitudinal groove is then rolled into the blank to a depth to correspond to the required width of base on the finished rail by passes 13 and 14 through rolls D E F. WVhen an ingot is used, the groove may be cast therein prior to passing it through the rolls. After passes 13 14 have been made the blank is passed through 15 and 16 of rolls D E F and then through the successive passes of rolls J, K, and L, Fig. 2, where it is finally brought to approximately the required cross-section, the portions of the blank adjacent to the groove, which subsequently form the base of the rail, being pressed together. I-lowever,it is to be understood that no welding takes place.

The next step consists in spreading open and flattening out the portions or flanges adjacent to the grooves to form the base, which may be done by the apparatus shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. Referring to said figures, the frame a of the finishing-rolls b has affixed thereto a bed-plate 0, containing horizontal ways for a carriage (I, mounted to move toward and from the finishing-rolls. To hold the rail on the carriage and to prevent the cross-section of the head and webfrom being distorted during the spreading of the base, a bracket f is secured to the carriage and provided with an interchangeable facing g, against which the head of the rail bears. The web is engaged from above by a lug h on a cross-head h and from below by the plunger 2' of a hydraulic cylinder e".

To spread the parts to form the base ofthe rail, a Wedge, as 75 is provided, which is forced between the said parts by the plunger 7a of a hydraulic cylinder After the wedge has been forced between the parts the carriage cl is moved toward the finishing-rolls b, preferably by means of a hydraulic cylinder Z, to start the spreading and to conduct the rail to said rolls. The rolls drawing the rail forward, the flanges are opened by the wedge and finally flattened out by the said rolls.

In Fig.6 I have shown the hydraulic cylinders dispensed with and a train of rolls substituted, m representing the rolls for finishing the head and Web, in front of which is mounted ashaft n, carrying three rolls 0, p, and q, operating in conjunction with the rolls m, the one 0 shaping the upper sides of the flanges or parts which form the base, the second p, which is made conical, opening and spreading the said parts, and the third q finishing the base. It is evident that the same method can be equally well applied to the manufacture of bars, beams, joists, and the like, seyeral forms of which I have illustrated inthe drawings.

In Fig. 7 the steps in'the process of rolling ordinary railway-rails with narrow bases are illustrated.

In Fig. 8 I have shown a rail with a Very broad base. For spreading the parts to form the base in this class of rails the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 16 is made use of, which corresponds in general to that described in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. WVhen a rail of this description is to embrace a longitudinal sleeper, the two parts of the flanges of the base are bent or curved'downward, as shown in Fig. 8 at f. The apparatus shown in Fig. 17 is constructed for this purpose, and consists of a roll .9, mounted in a frame r, and having two rolls 5 s mounted at right. angles thereto in a frame w. Mo-

tion is conveyed from a shaft u to the roll 8 by gear-wheels t t and to the rolls 8 s by gear-wheels t and '0" '0. IIeretofore such rails were made in two parts; but by my new method I am enabled to make the samein one piece. a I v In Fig. 9 I have illustrated the manufacture of I and H iron girders, and in Fig. 10 the same, but of larger dimensions. For rolling these girders the trains shown in Figs. 18 and ing similar to that shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5, but having the spreading devices in duplicate,

so as to spread both flanges at one and the same time.

Fig. 11 illustrates the production of angleirfon; Fig. 12, T-iron; Fig. 13, cross-iron; Fig.

, 14, channel-iron, and Fig. 16 Z-iron.

I In the manufacture of channel and Z irons, Figs. 14: and 15, the lines where the metal is to be bent, as along the sides a b, are reinforced by small longitudinal beads or ribs 0. I In Fig. 22 I have shown a railway-rail having its base widened out at the points where it rests upon the ties or sleepers. In producing this highly-useful form the faces of the finishing-rolls for spreading and shaping the flanges are recessed where the widening takes place. The circumference of the rolls must therefore be equal to the distance between the centers of the widened parts.

The apparatus illustrated in Fig. 6 is shown as adapted for producing this form of rail.

I do not, wish to confine myself to any particular means for forming the blank, for forming the groove into the same, or for imparting the required cross-section to the finished rail.

What I claim as new,.and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

. portions or flanges and finishingfthe iron, substantially as described.

3. The method of manufacturing rails, beams, andother irons, which consists in first forming a blank approximately rectangular in cross-section by rolling, forging, or casting, then rolling a longitudinal groove into the blank corresponding to the cross-sectiontobe produced in the finished iron, then passing the blank through successive rolls until the cross-section is approximately that desired with the flan ges pressed together, then spreading the flanges apart, and finally finishing the iron by rolling, substantially as described.

4. In a rolling-mill, a train of rolls for reducing the grooved blank, (pile or ingot,) a device for spreading the grooved portion to form flanges, and rolls for widening out the flanges, substantially as described.

5. In a roller-mill,a train of rolls for reducin g the blank, (pile or ingot,) means for formin g a longitudinal groove into the same, and a device for spreading the grooved portion,

substantially as described. 7

6. In a roller-mill, a train of rolls forreducing the blank, (pile or ingot,) means for forming a longitudinal .groove into the same, a device for spreading the grooved portion, and

finishing-rolls, substantially as described.

'7. In a roller-mill, a train of rolls for reducing the blank, (pile or ingot,) means for forming a longitudinal groove into the same, a device for spreading the flanges, and recessed rolls for locally widening the flanges, substanti'ally as described.

8. In a mill, an apparatus for opening and spreading the grooved blank, consisting of a wedge, a hydraulic cylinder arranged to force the blank with a longitudinal groove, reducing the grooved blank to the desired cross- 10 section, spreading the grooved portions or flanges, and then turning the same down, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

TOUSSAINT BIOI-IEROUX. \Vitnesses:

D. J. PARTELLO,

W. OTTO. 

